Ho Chi Minh Press

In the great legacy of President Ho Chi Minh's revolutionary career, journalism occupies a particularly important position. The beginning of journalism activities were articles criticizing the French colonial regime under the pen name Nguyen Ai Quoc such asColonial mentality, Indigenous problem,…were all written in 1919. The pen name Nguyen Ai Quoc first appeared in the Petition of Annam sent to the Versailles Conference. This was an extremely important milestone document on the path to finding a way to save the country. He affirmed the goal and direction of the struggle for independence and freedom for the nation. During these years, he wrote many articles for newspapers.Humanity, Workers' Life, The Poor.

The last articles were written in 1969, when his health had declined but his pen was still sharp, attacking the enemy and imbued with compassion for his compatriots and comrades. These are the articles:Raising responsibility for the care and education of children(1/6/1969), Letter in reply to US President Riss M. Nixon(August 25, 1969). A week later, he passed away with a sacred Testament left for his compatriots and comrades...

During his life, journalism was still considered the spearhead of the ideology leading the task of protecting and building the country. Among the titles, he did not consider himself a poet, although his poetry, especiallyPrison Diaryis an immortal poetic work, He considered himself a political commentator, a journalist with the responsibility of an all-powerful journalistic activist. He organized and directly led the newspapersThe Poor, Youth, Vietnam Independence and National Salvation, Truth, Peopleperiod after the August Revolution. Regarding journalistic works, Ho Chi Minh continuously wrote hundreds, thousands of articles related to urgent current issues, orienting revolutionary activities with a long-term vision. During his time working in France, he published the newspaperThe poor“Mr. Nguyen was appointed by everyone to make the newspaper run, so Mr. Nguyen was in charge of writing, editor-in-chief, proofreading, publishing and liaising.”^[1]. Nguyen Ai Quoc's articles in the newspaperThe poorhave a big echo

From 1923 onwards, in the Soviet Union and China, he wrote many articles about the situation in the host countries in Russian and Chinese.

Regarding journalistic activities at these times, he demonstrated the outstanding qualities and abilities of an international journalist. When he returned to the country, he directed the newspaperIndependent Vietnam, a revolutionary newspaper of the pre-uprising period. After the August Revolution until his death, in addition to the title Ho Chi Minh, he also used a series of pen names appropriate to different topics, contents, and circumstances such as TL, DX, Tran Luc, Chien sy, CB, LT, Chien Thang. Some of his works such asNew lifewith the pen name Tan Sinh,Change the way you workwith the pen name XYZ,Walk and tell storieswith the pen name T.Lan.

During his 50 years of journalism, President Ho had about 2,000 articles and press units. The articles were written in different journalistic genres such as news, commentary, political commentary, letters, sketches, appeals, interviews, etc.

With the above important contributions, he was honored as a great journalist of the nation, laying the foundation for Vietnamese revolutionary journalism.

1. Ho Chi Minh's view on revolutionary journalism

The press is a spiritual weapon of a regime, society, and class, so every era and every political regime uses the press as a tool for class struggle. Revolutionary press operates and develops according to the basic principles of the political line of the Party and State.

InLetter to Huynh Thuc Khang's journalism classIn June 1949, President Ho Chi Minh stated 6 main points of the revolutionary newspaper:

“1. The task of the newspaper is to propagate, agitate, train, educate and organize the people to bring them to a common goal;

2. The common goal is to resist and build the nation to achieve victory in the resistance and successful nation building;

3. The newspaper's motto is to unite the people to compete in patriotism. Therefore;

4. The target audience of a newspaper is the majority of the people. A newspaper that is not loved by the majority of the people is not worthy of being called a newspaper. If you want the people to love it and consider it yours, then:

5. Content means that the articles must be simple, easy to understand, popular, practical, and lively. And:

6. Form means the arrangement of articles and printing must be clean and bright.

Nowadays, our newspapers often have the following shortcomings:

• In terms of propaganda, it is not timely and too much political nonsense.
• Can't keep a secret.
• Sometimes post fake news.
• Too often use Chinese characters, sometimes incorrectly. Either the printing is messy and sloppy, or because“"fine arts" but cut an article into two or three paragraphs, difficult to read.
• Slow news.
• Important news is short and printed in small letters, unimportant news is bold and printed in large letters. The newspaper is not cheerful.”^[2]

After three months of studying, the class closed. He sent a letter of congratulations and advice: "In these three months, you have learned the multiplication table. If you want to be good at calculations, you mustlearn more, Rightlearn forever.”^[3]

Huynh Thuc Khang journalism class on the opening day

From President Ho's opinions, we present the following views:

a, The primary goal of revolutionary journalism is to serve the Fatherland, serve the people and build the country.

At the 2nd Congress of the Vietnam Journalists Association, he wrote:

“Our press must serve the working people, serve socialism, serve the struggle for national unification, and for world peace. That is why all journalists (writers, printers, editors, publishers, etc.) must have a firm political stance. Politics must be in charge. If the political line is correct, then everything else will be correct. Therefore, all our major newspapers must have a line.

Our press is not for a small number of people to read but to serve the people, to propagate and explain the policies of the Party and the government, so it must have a mass and fighting nature."

Emphasizing the fighting spirit and firm class position of revolutionary journalism is also emphasizing that responsibility to each journalist. Journalists and writers are the real owners of the newspaper. In the congratulatory telegram of A-African writers attending the conference, he wrote:

“For us writers, the pen is a sharp weapon, the article is a revolutionary proclamation for party members and the masses to unite in the fight against old and new colonialism, headed by American imperialism, for independence, social progress and world peace.”^[4].

The press not only has an important impact on ideology and awareness but also has the ability to form the force of the movement. Lenin had profound opinions on this issue:

“The role of the press is not limited to disseminating ideas, providing political education and attracting political sympathizers. The press is not only a collective propagandist and a collective agitator, but also a collective organizer.”^[5].

Understanding the important function of the press, President Ho Chi Minh spent his whole life using the press for the task of revolutionary struggle. With thousands of articles written through many stages of the revolution, according to him, all had only one purpose: to fight against colonialism and imperialism, to fight for national liberation, to gain independence and freedom, and to build socialism.

“Talking about the content of the writing that you guys call the topic, all the articles that Uncle Ho wrote had only one topic: fighting against colonialism, imperialism, feudalism, and landlords, and propagating national independence and socialism. That was Uncle Ho’s fate with the press.”^[6].

b, The press must serve the people, contributing to enhancing the position and contribution of the people to the revolution.

In the relationship between the press and the people, opinions often exploit the effect of the press on the people. In fact, this is a two-way relationship. The development of the press depends on the level of the people and the press plays a positive role.

Marx pointed out and emphasized the role of the people in the development of journalism:

“It is clear that where the press is still young, the spirit of the people is young and the resounding expression of the daily political thinking of a people's spirit that has just awakened will be less mature, less formed and more hasty than the thinking of a people that has grown strong and self-aware in political struggles.”^[7].

The root of press development is the level of the people. It is not by chance that the level of press development of different countries is different. The important issue is the level of people's intelligence, consciousness, and ideology. When talking about press activities, a dynamic and sharp ideological weapon, we cannot talk about neutrality free from the constraints of political and social tendencies. Proletarian press serves the proletariat, the people. President Ho Chi Minh pointed out the tendency of the press and the tendency of revolutionary press to serve the people:

“We often ask: Who does the press serve? Some people say that in capitalist countries there is freedom of the press and the press has no class. That is not true. For example, newspapers in France such asPigaro,newspaperFrance in the afternoon,…On the one hand, it lulls the people to sleep, divides the people, makes them lose their fighting spirit, lose the spirit of class solidarity, on the other hand, it serves the bourgeoisie. Those are political newspapers. There are also "sensational" newspapers, newspapers about love, newspapers specializing in extorting the secrets of rich people to extort money. Is the French press real? No! For example, the newspaperHumanity"The media often tries to destroy them: by fining them money, by letting thugs cause trouble, by making it difficult to get printing paper, and sometimes the newspapers are confiscated."^[8].

During the renovation, the people were a homogeneous bloc, with consensus in ideology, equal interests, and an improved cultural level, so revolutionary press had more conditions to develop. In an article about readers' opinions, he paid attention to readers' opinions proposed in the newspaper with a sincere spirit, truly seeking to learn:

• Should ensure clean rice to pay tax.
• Cars need to have their prices listed.
• Cars should not carry too many passengers.
• Be careful in presenting slogans.
• Regulations on the dissemination of measurement laws are needed.

That is a positive expression of the people towards the press. In an article about the press with readers, He raised some opinions of readers about the press with practical comments and suggestions. He asked the press to respect and accept correct opinions to do better. This idea opened the way for implementing the press forum that modern newspapers have effectively applied. The press forum contributes to bringing the press and the people closer together, creating conditions for the press to contribute to society.

c, The press must accompany, be a pioneer in the face of current events, and must be modern.

Journalism is an information dissemination activity, so it must be topical. Throughout his career as a journalist, editor of many newspapers, writing about many political and social events of the nation and many countries, Ho Chi Minh's journalism always had a sense of discovery with a broad vision, looking ahead of the times a few steps. With the articles in the newspaperThe poorand practiceThe verdict of the French colonial regime,Nguyen Ai Quoc was the first person to fire the big shots in the era of colonialism, shaking and signaling the collapse of this regime. His articles during his time of activity in Guangzhou (China) and in the Soviet Union all expressed the combination of patriotism and socialism, new ideas in the direction of liberating modern nations.

SheetIndependent Vietnamunder his direction, in charge of revolutionary propaganda activities for the pre-uprising period. And after the revolution, each period, each moment, Ho Chi Minh's press carried the meaning of discovery and ideological milestones that were meaningful to the times. Many of his articles combined topicality and longevity. The article about the execution in Lynch recounting the brutal crimes of imperialism is still topical. His articles at important times of the country such asDeclaration of Independence, Call for National Resistance, Nothing is More Precious than Independence and Freedom, Testament…forever carry the spirit and vitality of the nation like literary works that deeply penetrate people's hearts. The calls for "Unity, unity, great unity. Success, success, great success"; the moral teachings on "diligence, thrift, integrity"; on cultivating socialist morality; on fighting against individualism are forever mottos, serious and sincere admonitions. There are many more that can be mentioned, and whenever life and tasks need advice or guidance, readers can find them in his press handbook. The articles written about caring for the elderly, children, paying attention to women's work, and the poor all have profound humanistic meanings.

Time passes, a decade, two decades… a century, but the topicality and lasting value of Ho Chi Minh's journalism still exists and is full of vitality.

d, The press must be authentic, have characteristics and color.

When it comes to journalism, we must determine the authenticity of the phenomenon described. Some Western journalists often mention five factors: "Who, When, Why, Where, What" when talking about press reports. Timeliness and authenticity are all characteristics and criteria that cannot be violated. Because real people and real events, no matter what genre of journalism, photography, or newsreel are exploited, must follow the principle of respecting authenticity. Once when viewing an exhibition of paintings and photographs, He noted that paintings and photographs cannot be used interchangeably. In the articleOpinions on making and publishing books about good people, good deeds,President Ho chaired a meeting with many publishers and newspapers to discuss the publication of books on good people and good deeds. He determined that using good people and good deeds as examples to educate and prevent bad things is effective. Good people and good deeds are real people and events, the writer only needs to describe the truth without embellishment or fabrication, especially forbidding fabrication. President Ho advised:

“Write simply and use the truth, no fabrications.”^[9].

This is not a literary book with artistic fiction or embellishment. Books about good people and good deeds must ensure honesty and authenticity. Just add a few details and the reader will feel that the meaning is lost.

There are many types of newspapers: political and social newspapers, specialized newspapers, newspapers of organizations and groups... Currently, there are hundreds of types of newspapers: Central and local, specialized newspapers, newspapers of organizations... The important issue is that each newspaper, in order to perform its function properly, must demonstrate the main characteristics of the newspaper. The situation of duplication in the press when using news and images is quite common. Many newspapers cannot demonstrate the characteristics of their industry. The Public Security newspaper must be different from the Military newspaper, the Women's newspaper must be different from the Youth newspaper, the local newspaper must be different from the Central newspaper. In the letter to the newspaperYou fight,The person specified:

“Thank you very much for your issues.You fight. Here are a few small suggestions for you: This newspaper is for the legionnaires, the cheerful, irritable, emotional boys, not for those who are deeply involved in politics. Therefore, there should be pictures, humorous drawings, things that make them happy, short news about Germany and France, especially news related to the lives of the people (such as food shortages, strikes, harassment by the governing bodies). In short, we need to move them, make them comfortable, make them laugh and cry to attract them to our side. We should not write long articles, we should not write great contemporary political articles, what do you think?

A gentle yet profound letter, understanding the audience, providing them with appropriate spiritual food, attracting them to the right side. Progressive and revolutionary views on journalism are reflected in all of his writings during half a century, both during his time abroad and after returning home.

2.Ho Chi Minh's press is rich in topicality and realistic material.

Unlike literary works, although based on social life as a basis, the important part is to apply it effectively as artistic fiction. Ho Chi Minh's short stories such as:The Lament of Mrs. Trung Trac, Incognito, The Ridiculous Games or Varen and Phan Boi Chau,then the playBamboo DragonAll of them take a part of reality as the starting point and use fiction to create. In these cases, the writer does not have the conditions to directly observe and witness the subjects due to different circumstances, but has ideas, knowledge, and real experience, so he must create in the direction of literary works. On the contrary, all of Ho Chi Minh's journalistic works reflect life in many forms and at many different levels in an authentic and truthful way.

Journalist Ho Chi Minh's starting point was revolutionary activities, experiencing many circumstances and environments, earning a living while working in the US, UK, and France, with many difficult jobs, so he deeply understood the nature of society, thoroughly understood many social issues and phenomena.

Ho Chi Minh was a thinker but also a man of action: "Every word and action of Ho Chi Minh was practical and concrete, he did what he said, often did more than he said, sometimes he did without saying, his thoughts appeared in his actions" (Pham Van Dong). In any historical period, the life experience accumulated by him was very rich, he deeply grasped the essential issues from general to detailed reality.. The verdict of the French colonial regime, strong in theory to convict the enemy but also rich in evidence, from events, people, the cruel and tyrannical French Governors and Residents, to the suffering of the French colonial people in Indochina. Tunisia, Morocco. Pham Van Dong had a sharp and appropriate comparison of the workThe verdict of the French colonial regimeof Nguyen Ai Quoc with the authorEngels's The Condition of the Working Class in England:

“These are bare pages about real life with fierce details, without theory, without philosophy, but shining on the philosophy of history, the direction of struggle of nations and of humanity.”^[10].

In his thinking, there was always a combination of theory and practice. Practice is the starting point of activities and also the end point of testing and evaluating the effectiveness of activities. His life of activities was in two periods, the years of activities abroad (1911-1941), in many countries, many lands, experiencing many situations, struggling with life, with work, from a baker, a hotel chef to a movement cadre, an international political activist. The difficult years of public activities, secret activities, being imprisoned twice... must be said to be difficult years, but full of meaning, training the cadres with many qualities. After 1945, in the position of President, although he did not have many opportunities to contact with real life, with his sensitive understanding, he grasped life through many methods. During the war against the French, he sometimes went to inspect the campaign, lived a difficult life in the mountains and forests of Viet Bac, and when he returned to Hanoi, he quickly grasped the urban and rural life in the early years of building socialism. Then, during the period of building socialism, he still followed the struggle of the army and people in the South through each campaign, welcoming every news of war. No matter the circumstances, he learned about life in many ways, sometimes directly, sometimes through press information... all contributed to making his newspaper pages rich in realistic material, closely directing the movement. Although he had to take care of thousands of important tasks of the country in peace, in war, domestic and foreign affairs, he still used the press to praise good people and good deeds and criticize negative phenomena. ArticleWeddingWritten on March 25, 1965, the article tells about two weddings, one an example of simplicity and thrift, the other a criticism of extravagance.The older the better(printed on October 22, 1965), praising the elderly in Ha Giang, Pho Yen, and Bac Thai, who set an example for their children and grandchildren in the production emulation movement, supporting the frontline from the rear. In the articleWe must do a good job of evacuation.With the pen name Chiến Sĩ (printed on July 10, 1966), the author emphasized the importance of evacuation, collective evacuation, school evacuation, and individual evacuation. Regarding production, he was interested in flood and drought prevention. In the fight againstdrought, The reminder "Adding a bucket of cool water will make an extra bowl of golden rice" (Newspaper)PeopleOctober 9, 1966). Besides articles that mentioned specific issues in the daily life of an individual or unit, He was able to generalize reality, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages with specific bases of the movement of a city or a locality. In three articles and three speeches in Thanh Hoa province on June 13, 1957, in Nghe An province on June 14, 1957 and in Ha Tinh on June 15, 1957, He pointed out very specifically the advantages and disadvantages of the movements in the locality.

In his speech to the people's representatives of Thanh Hoa, he pointed out some advantages of the Thanh Hoa army and people: "The laborers have made great efforts for the Dien Bien Phu campaign, Thanh Hoa contributed 120,000 laborers to transport food for the army. Now wherever the Vietnamese language goes, the Dien Bien Phu language goes there. Wherever the Dien Bien Phu language goes, the Thanh Hoa people also have a part of the honor. The young people who joined the army included heroic comrades such as Lo Van Buong, Pham Minh Duc, To Vinh Dien, Le Cong Khai. They are excellent children who have brought glory to their province and also to our whole country". Speaking to the young women, he praised the women of Thanh Hoa, "Thanh Hoa women have a very good working spirit, which is beneficial to both the family and the country. I hope that men will compete with women". Speaking about the shortcomings, he pointed out: "First, our people are still wasting a lot. Production without saving is like wind entering an empty house". Another shortcoming of Thanh Hoa people: “Borrowing money from the government and then not paying it back. Borrowing money without mentioning this tax is different, just saying that they borrowed 2 billion from the bank and refused to pay it back. Not paying the government debt is not only harmful to the government but also harmful to the people.”^1.

Frankly, sincerely, and specifically, he pointed out the nature of the Thanh Hoa movement. One day after June 14, 1957, he came to talk to the cadres of the entire Nghe An province. His article was over 4,000 words long, in which he pointed out the advantages of the entire Nghe An province:

“A. During the resistance war, you were able to unite the people and lead the people to serve the resistance war to victory. That is a good point.

B. When peace was restored, you worked with the people to implement the 1956 plan of the Party and Government, which was a significant advantage.

C. After the land reform, you tried to unite with the people to correct mistakes. That is another good point.

In general, the vast majority of comrades have endured hardships, endured suffering, and tried to complete the tasks assigned by the Party and the Government. That is a remarkable and commendable point."^[11].

About the disadvantages:

The first shortcoming: The issue of solidarity “still has many shortcomings. This is an important shortcoming”.

Second disadvantage: Is the comparison of treatment and status.

President Ho added some more ideas. He advised cadres to study “nowadays, we do not study to get a degree or to escape from production. We must study politics, culture, and technology to improve our knowledge.”

He also reminded cadres to have a spirit of honesty and fairness, borrowing money from the bank and owing taxes must be paid back because the money is the State's, public property "if you don't pay it back, where will you get money to lend to others. Therefore, I advise cadres and Party members to be fair and not expect them to sacrifice anything more, pay back as much as you owe".

Another point that he reminded us about was to regularly carry out good ideological work, “it is necessary to self-criticize and criticize”. It is necessary to improve organization, discipline and sense of responsibility. Without organization and discipline, there will be freedom, lack of discipline and anarchy. One day after 1957, he spoke to the delegates of Party cadres and members of Ha Tinh province. The article was long and intimate.

Regarding advantages: He also talked about the contributions of the people of Ha Tinh in correcting the mistakes of the Land Reform and building new rural areas today. He specifically mentioned some examples. For example, "Comrade Party Secretary Ky Hai, in the cold and rainy weather, because the dike was in danger, was not afraid of the cold, and used his body to block the water for the people to build the dike all day. That is a good virtue, knowing how to sacrifice himself for the people". Then, female comrade Thien, despite being poor, still built a work team.

Regarding the disadvantages: The critic "has a phenomenon of poor solidarity between cadres inside and outside the Party, old and new cadres, old and new Party members"^[12].

He also pointed out some shortcomings of the Party cadres and members of Ha Tinh and Nghe An: Some individuals with a sense of meritoriousness thought that this was a revolution that had many contributions to organizing the Soviets... so they were arrogant and did not consider anyone, were small-minded, and lacked modesty. He also advised on the immediate and long-term tasks of Ha Tinh. During three days in three different provinces, he spoke with long, carefully prepared articles with many specific examples, from the advantages, good people, good deeds to ideological diseases, shortcomings. The above cases demonstrated his ability to grasp the reality of the revolutionary movement of the three provinces of Thanh Hoa, Nghe An, and Ha Tinh in a profound, accurate, and specific way. That was also a common characteristic in Ho Chi Minh's writings.

One of his sharp thinking abilities was the ability to accurately and quickly grasp through domestic and foreign newspapers, the exact materials needed to use in his articles. This was a need to perceive and understand life through newspapers. As early as 1946, when he visited France and lived at Mr. Aubrac's house, every morning the host provided him with all the important newspapers. Early in the morning, he sat on the grass and read many newspapers in French, English, and Russian. And throughout his life, newspapers remained his closest and most necessary spiritual food. The truth in each locality through local newspapers, the events of various sectors through newspapers of various sectors and organizations, every day there were so many rich issues. Particularly, marking and recording good people and good deeds in newspapers and proposing the book "Good People and Good Deeds" was an initiative based on press data.

Reading foreign newspapers, major newspapers of France, England, America, Russia, China provided the good aspects, especially the negative aspects, of life in those countries. Hundreds of articles with different pen names about American society and capitalist countries, spoke of his spirit of urgent work, full of will, determination and intelligence. This quality is very important and not easy to achieve.

Ho Chi Minh's press has reflected truthfully and authentically the major events of politics and society, the issues of human ideology and morality through each revolutionary period. On the other hand, beside the flow of reality, whether intense, vibrant or peaceful, there is always a journalist who is always conscious of learning, analyzing and expressing attitudes to contribute to the orientation through the events of social life.

3.Humanistic values ​​and cultural depth of Ho Chi Minh's journalism

Originating from the ideal that he fought for his whole life was to liberate the nation to be independent and free and the people to be happy, so the pages of writing always have a firm position of national stance and people's interests. The press often performs the function of propaganda and dissemination of news quickly updated according to the movement of time, so it is not easy to have conditions to expand knowledge about many aspects of life. The press pays much attention to events, the appearance of political and social events and the impacts on life. Ho Chi Minh's press also has the above characteristics, but he pays special attention to human issues, events are closely related to people, actions are also closely related to people.

In particular, the human right to life is of concern to him on many pages of writing.Declaration of Independence1776 of America and of the French RevolutionDeclaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen1971 attracted him in promoting and protecting human rights.Declaration of IndependenceThe American Declaration of Independence in 1776 stated, “All men are created equal. They are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” (Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizenyear 1971).

Those progressive ideas were deeply ingrained and accepted by Him right in America. But here appeared a contrasting situation of crime, brutal crime of torturing and destroying people, a crime not caused by an individual but by a whole crazy crowd rushing in to stab and slash: Execution, Lynch, with a spirit of indignation towards the criminals and sympathy for the fate of the unfortunate. The article describes truthfully, authentically down to every detail, deeply moving the reader. The article has denunciation value and humanistic value. The newspaperHorizonof the German Democratic Republic wrote a sharp comment: “This indictment still retains its topicality. It reminds us that imperialists of all colors then as now have always been mortal enemies of humanity. With this indictment Ho Chi Minh appeared as a true fighter of proletarian internationalism and a defender of human rights and freedom of all oppressed people regardless of their country of residence.”

The French colonialists called themselves civilizers, just as the American imperialists boasted about American freedom, American culture, and American morality. Certainly, in France and America, there were many good people, good culture, but also countless bad things, such as unemployment, theft, prostitution, and drug addiction. However, they did not know themselves and even defamed the culture of the colonial peoples. Nguyen Ai Quoc exposed the evil intentions of the colonialists when they displayed many bad photos of the colonial countries in the 1922 Colonial Exhibition.

In the Marshall Conference, in addition to the paintings of Vietnamese mandarins kneeling before the puppet king, along with mastiffs, the plenipotentiary, and naked rickshaw pullers, there were also movies showing old women chewing betel with black teeth, skinny and ragged farmers, and people wearing loincloths climbing coconut trees. They called it the image of "An Nam". Ho Chi Minh was always conscious of protecting and promoting the national culture that had developed well for thousands of years. He criticized the vile and despicable things of Khai Dinh. Besides, he praised the spirit of Phan Boi Chau through the following stories:The Lament of Mrs. Trung Trac, The Farce or Varen and Phan Boi Chau,promote the good and beauty of the nation's culture and ethics, paying special attention to educating the young generation.

Until the end of his life, when discussing the work of being a good person and doing good deeds, he also recalled memories of his youth with the spirit of respecting traditional ethics, especially filial piety to parents and loyalty to the country.

Recalling old storiesTwenty-four filial pietyHe said: “I am nearly 80 years old but I still remember the stories of Mr. Lao Lai, the couple Quach Cu, the little boy Han Luc Tich, how filial they were to their parents. Stories like that were known to illiterate people in the past. You must also learn from our ancestors' education methods, you can do better because today's morality is more profound, not only filial to parents but also loyal to the country and filial to the people.”^[13].

Ho Chi Minh's press also carries deep cultural values. He is especially interested in cultural issues and the cultural perspective of events. He is passionate about studying and researching the literary culture of many nations. "Mr. Nguyen likes to read Shakespeare and Dickens in English, Lu Xun in Chinese and Hugo, Zola in French. Anatole France and Leon Tolstoy can be said to be Mr. Nguyen's cultural patrons."^[14].

General Vo Nguyen Giap also commented: “He was interested in studying philosophical and political thoughts, especially revolutionary thoughts and French literature. Understanding many foreign languages, he absorbed the spiritual values ​​and humanitarian thoughts of many ancient and modern cultures, East and West, and read the New Books of China and Japan. Now he studies the philosophy and literature of the Renaissance and the Enlightenment. He studies the economics of Ricardo, Adam Smith, studies the works of Karl Marx... reads Victor Hugo, Xicpia, Lu Xun, Tolstoy from the original. He studies and writes for newspapers and plays. In the eyes of his friends, Nguyen Ai Quoc “was an outstanding person in many fields, a learned person who at that time was said to radiate a new culture”.

Through Ho Chi Minh's articles, we see that many Western cultural knowledges were applied creatively. From the story of Khai Dinh going to France with bad political motives to the application of Plato to criticize the puppet king, it was an initiative, a unique idea (Special Interests)In the articleNatives are popular, the author refers to Shakespeare's play Othello. In some articles, he uses a special style:

“Mr. Joseph Cayo, former prime minister, foreign administrator, not a bad writer, not quite as bad as Anxtin said, after having ruled over 40 million French people, having owned branded goods, billions of dollars, he wrote books and then one morning he scratched his head and scratched himself frantically. Not his hair because there was no hair - but his ears - at the same time asking himself and asking others: Where is Europe going? Where is France going?

“Here, Mr. Prime Minister, tell me where Europe and France's feet are, and I will tell you where Europe and France are going.” Comments on the articleZoologyPublished in Le Paria in 1925, poet Che Lan Vien commented, “It is truly satirical and full of emotion, satirical with blood, laughing out of hatred at all the moods of the colonial people, us at that time.” He also had a deep understanding of Chinese culture and literature. In the closing remarks of the launching of the Vietnamese Workers’ Party, he mentioned two verses of Lu Xun:

Glaring at thousands of strong men,

Bow your head and be a horse, children

And He explained that “thousand strong men” were strong enemies, for example the French colonialists and the American interventionists, and also meant hardships. “Children” meant the numerous gentle masses, and also meant the work that benefited the country and their families. The Vietnamese Labor Party was not afraid of any enemy, no matter how ferocious they were, nor was it afraid of any heavy or dangerous tasks, but the Vietnamese Labor Party was willing to happily work as a horse or an ox, a loyal servant of the people.

Regarding Vietnamese culture and literature, He always mentioned the tradition and national heroes to set an example for today's life, and respected great literary authors such as Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Du, Nguyen Dinh Chieu. In many articles, He vividly used folk songs in their original form or changed them to suit the context.

As long as there are mountains, rivers, and people,

After defeating the Americans, we will build more than ten days.

People also often use the verses inLament of a Soldier's Wife,in the Tale of Kieu into the journalistic work. All have blended smoothly to create a lively article. Ho Chi Minh's journalism rich in that quality has contributed to creating a unique style, a unique mark for the articles.

Talking about journalistic works is talking about the way of exploiting and reflecting the news of the times and the attitude of commenting and evaluating of the writer. Here, there is no need to express emotions directly like in poetry and literature, no need for artistic embellishment, so the writer rarely reveals himself through the newspaper page. That reality easily creates in the newspaper a close similarity, even overlapping aspects between the written pages. It is possible to talk about the journalistic style of an author, but that is not easy. One must have ideology and talent to be able to create a journalistic style. Ho Chi Minh's journalism has style and characteristics, first of all in his consistent ideology through political and social events and issues. Consistency is based on a purpose, an ideal that he attached to throughout his life in the struggle for the nation. The mark of the subject is shown in the way of addressing and solving problems. Flexible but determined, intentionally effective. People often advise that nothing is easy and nothing is difficult. If it is easy but subjective, it will not succeed. If it is difficult but determined to try hard to complete, the result will be good. Ho Chi Minh's press is rich in knowledge, knowledge about politics and society associated with the times in each period, knowledge about people, knowledge about social relationships. Ho Chi Minh's complete works are a treasure trove of political, social, and cultural knowledge, a great contribution to the development of the Vietnamese revolution, a handbook for everyone to find advice, a lesson, a way to solve problems.